The form of this vase looks timeless!
Great observation! You' will often see in Chinese pottery a harkening back to older vessel forms and motifs as a way to legitimize current rulers. This large pale blue celadon vase is a great example of that.
The marks along the outside indicate that this vase dates to the rule of the Qianlong emperor. As a Manchu, an ethnic minority in China at the time, ruling Han Chinese, using archaic references such as the form and the celadon glaze, enhanced his own legitimacy as a ruler.
The emperor's reign mark is actually on the base of this vessel. The animal head and fixed ring handles on either side refer back to earlier Shang and Zhou dynasty bronzes used in ancestor worship.
Is there a reason these pieces are grouped together? Minus the two Qing vases, the other 4 Japanese ones seem super modern. Also, what influenced the other 4?
These pieces were placed together because they are all celadons, though as you have rightly pointed out, some are very modern and some are not. In the context of the exhibition "Infinite Blue," the celadon case is meant to highlight celadon works that are a light, clear blue, rather than the milky green generally associated with this type of ceramic.
The grouping helps us to trace a path from Chinese celadons exported to the rest of Asia, to blue celadons prized and perfected by Japanese ceramicists, to the contemporary works that still aim for the same effect.