Gourd-shaped Jar

ca. 1470–1400 B.C.E.

1 of 2

Object Label

Pottery Manufacture

Available materials, construction technique, and even social status all played a role in the manufacture of pottery.

Most ancient Egyptian towns had at least one skilled potter who served the entire community. Palaces, estates, and temples employed dozens of craftsmen to fashion luxury and ritual wares.

Potters used two principal materials: alluvial silt (soil deposited by the floodwaters of the Nile) and soft desert shale called marl. Silt contains iron oxides and fires red; marl, rich in calcium carbonate, fires to a buff color. To make both clays more workable, potters added straw, crushed stone, or pulverized pottery.

Potters constructed vessels by hand or on a wheel. Hand building involved shaping the clay manually and with simple tools. To create vessels on a wheel, artisans rotated the clay rapidly on a low, flat turntable and let centrifugal force pull it into shape. Spiral marks, evident on several examples in this case, indicate wheel manufacture.

Caption

Gourd-shaped Jar, ca. 1470–1400 B.C.E.. Clay, pigment, 14 1/8 x greatest diam. 8 11/16 in. (35.8 x 22.1 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Charles Edwin Wilbour Fund, 09.889.842. Creative Commons-BY (Photo: Brooklyn Museum, CUR.09.889.842_NegA_print_bw.jpg)

Title

Gourd-shaped Jar

Date

ca. 1470–1400 B.C.E.

Dynasty

Dynasty 18

Period

New Kingdom

Medium

Clay, pigment

Classification

Vessel

Dimensions

14 1/8 x greatest diam. 8 11/16 in. (35.8 x 22.1 cm)

Credit Line

Charles Edwin Wilbour Fund

Accession Number

09.889.842

Rights

Creative Commons-BY

You may download and use Brooklyn Museum images of this three-dimensional work in accordance with a Creative Commons license. Fair use, as understood under the United States Copyright Act, may also apply. Please include caption information from this page and credit the Brooklyn Museum. If you need a high resolution file, please fill out our online application form (charges apply). For further information about copyright, we recommend resources at the United States Library of Congress, Cornell University, Copyright and Cultural Institutions: Guidelines for U.S. Libraries, Archives, and Museums, and Copyright Watch. For more information about the Museum's rights project, including how rights types are assigned, please see our blog posts on copyright. If you have any information regarding this work and rights to it, please contact copyright@brooklynmuseum.org.

Frequent Art Questions

  • How would this have been stored so it didn't tip over?

    These vessels were placed either in holes in the mud floor of a house or in pot stands of clay or wood. Occasionally representations of these vessels show them simply leaning against a convenient wall.
  • How did these vessels with pointed bottoms stay upright in ancient Egypt?

    We get that question often. Vessels like this one may have stood in specially designed racks with openings to hold those pointed bottoms. They also may have been placed in holes dug into earth floors, or simply have been leaned against walls.
    You'll notice the color blue on many objects in this gallery. For the ancient Egyptians, blue symbolized water, necessary for all forms of life, and especially crucial in a desert climate!
  • Did this jar not have to stand upright?

    This jar would have been placed in a hole in the ground or in a pot stand to stand upright. You'll see many of the vessels in those galleries are shaped in the same way!
    What was inside?
    Size and shape usually indicates what a vessel was used for. One like this might have held wine or olive oil.
  • Can you explain why so many of the Egyptian storage vessels have rounded bottoms, as opposed to flat ones?

    Sure! The rounded bottoms could be stored in several different ways. Many pots like this would be set into stands that would help them to sit on flat ground. In other cases, they could be placed in a hole in a dirt or sand floor, which the more conical bottom would enable! They could also be leant against walls.
    Great! Thank you!

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