What is this?
That is a bronze sculpture by the late-19th-century French artist Auguste Rodin. It's titled "Cybele, large model." A Cybele is an ancient Near Eastern and Greco-Roman mother goddess, but this work is equally just a representation of a woman, made enigmatic and universal through her monumental scale and missing limbs and head.
Is this typical for Rodin?
Yes! He sculpted many human figures with a lot of texture. When first exhibited this Cybele, it was critiqued for its monumental scale, sketch-like execution, and missing limbs and head.
How did Rodin make these sculptures?
Rodin used the "sand casting" method. He would have created his intended form in clay, then built a mould around it using a mixture of special sand, salt, and a binding agent. When the mould was ready, he would remove the clay from the center and then pour liquid bronze into the mould. Unlike other bronze casting techniques available at the time, sand casting allows for the creation of multiples.
Why do you have so many Rodin sculptures?
We received many of the Rodin works currently on view as a gift from the Cantor Foundation in 1980s. The Cantor Foundation is interested creating opportunities to further explore the works of Rodin and his contemporaries.
Why is this figure of Cybele so large? Where was its intended location?
When first exhibited, this Cybele was critiqued for its monumental scale, sketch-like execution, and missing limbs and head, all elements that are now considered to contribute to its enigmatic quality.
Cybele was originally produced specially for an exhibition of contemporary French art at Grosvenor House in London in 1914 -- as our copy was created after Rodin's death our copy was made for the art market and not for a specific exhibition.
Why no head?
Rodin was interested in depicting emotion through the human body. This sculpture of Cybele was designed to convey such emotion through her body that she did not even need a head for the viewer to understand.
Thank you
Who is Cybele?
Cybele is the name of an ancient Greco-Roman mother goddess.
When first exhibited, this work was critiqued for its monumental scale, sketch-like execution, and missing body parts, all elements that are now considered to contribute to its enigmatic quality as well as those that reflect what is characteristic of Rodin's style.
Thanks.
You're welcome. In the beginning of the exhibition you see the kinds of ancient sculpture Rodin collected and was inspired by. These often came to him in fragments and certainly influenced his practice.
I'd like to learn more about this piece.
The way the body is twisted, with legs moving in one direction and the torso in the other creates a sense of tension. If you look around the back, you can still see hair remaining from the missing head!
This is a great example of work by Rodin that shows the influence of Michelangelo. The muscular figure of this “Cybele” is very similar to figures on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
What happened to the head? Who is she?
The original figure was much smaller and was intended for The Gates of Hell, a set of bronze doors commissioned for a museum in Paris. The museum never opened and the commission was cancelled, so Rodin repurposed and enlarged many of the figures, to be sold as independent sculptures. He removed the head 1905 in response to his fascination with ancient fragments. He called her a "cybele", which is an ancient Greco-Roman deity.
Is it correct that Rodin did not cast many of his work?
Yes, in fact Rodin was never involved in that stage of the production. He outsourced all of the bronze casting to foundries outside of his workshop. Rodin worked with several different bronze foundries. In fact, once he was famous, they competed to be the ones to cast his work!
This sculpture of a "Cybele" shows the influence of Michelangelo on Rodin. The woman's twisting and muscular body is very similar to figures that appear on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Thanks.
Tell me more.
Cybele's muscular, twisting body is so full of motion. If you look around the back, you will see hair left from the head that Rodin chose to remove before casting.
This work really shows the influence of Michelangelo on Rodin. In 1876, Rodin traveled to Italy to study Michelangelo’s work.